Since arriving at the Dons in January 2014, 28-year-old Rooney has made 106 appearances and scored 60 goals for the club – better than a goal every two games.
Boss Derek McInnes told RedWeb: "Signing a striker of Adam's quality for a further four years sends a clear message as to where we want to be."
And Rooney added: "When you make a decision about your future there are a number of factors to think about but in truth this was an easy decision.
"I am settled here, my family love it, we really enjoy living in the area, the football club is going well at the minute after a good couple of seasons and hopefully we are going on to have some more strong seasons in the years ahead.
"I feel that I am playing well at the minute and this is the most settled I have been at a football club. I am enjoying my football, I enjoy being with my team-mates, I really like the environment I am working in and we are well looked after by the club.
"The squad has been improving year on year so it is all positive. I am really looking forward to the upcoming season and I am also looking forward to the future with hopefully a new training ground and stadium just around the corner.
"Finally, I get on well with the fans. Their support towards me has been great since the first day I arrived. I would like to thank them for that and I really appreciate the supporters singing my name last night at the end of the game."